Water is an important resource of the country, all business activities,
production and living all need water resources. Therefore, the exploitation and
use of water resources are under the control of the Vietnam state authorities,
to protect the resources, and avoid the waste that impact the environment.
The Vietnamese legal system has a wide
range of legal provisions on water resources, including the Law on Water
Resources; Law on Environmental Protection and supporting decrees. These legal
documents are firm legal basis in the management and protection of water
resources.
The state shall define the principles for exploitation, use and protection of water resources, which are the responsibility of all agencies, organizations and individuals; Must comply with strategies and master plans on water resources already approved by competent state management agencies; Effective exploitation and use, the law stipulates the order of priority for allocating water sources to ensure the balance between regions and domains. This priority includes prioritizing regional allocations (agreements between regions, governmental decisions) and prioritizing allocations based on water use purposes (domestic, agricultural, fisheries, power generation, industrial, transportation, preservation of cultural and historical value, exploitation and processing of minerals).
The Vietnam legal system on water
resources is divided into two groups, one is the exploitation and use of water
resources without registration and permission; the other is the exploitation
and uses of water resources have to register and apply the license. For
exploitation and use, registration must include water used for household
activities; Small scale use for production, business and services; using sea
water to produce salt; using water for religious activities, scientific
research; water use for fire prevention, incident response and other
emergencies. Water users will be required to pay water use fees as agreed in
the water service contract. The price of water used by state agencies is
determined and adjusted in accordance with the principles and actual use.
Apart from the above-said cases, the
exploitation and use of water resources for permission of state agencies,
including: exploitation of surface water and sea water; Groundwater
exploration; exploitation and use of underground water; The above-said forms
must be registered, permitted and permitted to conduct investment activities
only when they are granted permits according to the provisions of law. The term
of the license varies from 2 years to 10 years, suitable for exploitation and
use, ensuring the stability as well as the protection of the environment to the
maximum. At the end of the license period, the license renewal will be
considered.
In addition to the exploitation and use
of water resources of individuals and organizations, water resources
investigation and assessment are also strictly regulated. Accordingly, the
inventory of water resources must be implemented uniformly throughout the
country, every five years, in accordance with national socio-economic
development regulations. The responsibility for inventorying water resources is
the coordination among relevant agencies, ministries and agencies such as the
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment; Ministries and ministerial-level
agencies related to construction activities; Provincial People’s Committee.
In addition to using, exploiting water
resources, another issue that is always on top of wastewater treatment. The
treatment of wastewater must comply with the technical standards for
wastewater. The Vietnam state always has projects and incentives for investment
in wastewater treatment such as preferential land use fees, technical
infrastructure investment support, other incentives.
All acts of violating the provisions of
law on water resource and waste water treatment shall be handled according to
the provisions of law. Depending on the circumstances, the level of treatment
will be different, such as the handling of administrative violations or the
handling of criminal offenses. The maximum fines amount to 1 billion VND for
individual violations and 2 billion VND for organizations.
0 nhận xét:
Đăng nhận xét